Patients on more than 60 morphine equivalents pr day will be included. The pupillary light reflex is a test of the functional integrity of the subcortical afferent and efferent pathways and is reliably present after 31 weeks, gestation. In addition we will register all concomitant medication that also might influence pupil size and reaction. On the same time we will assess pain intensity, sedation score, and other side effects of opioids while measuring the concentration of opioids and their active metabolites in blood.

In addition to pupil size measurements under standard room light conditions, two pupil size reflexes will by assessed: the pupillary light reflex when the pupil is exposed to light, and the reflex dilation during a standardized noxious stimulus. This is known as the pupillary light reflex. Adjustments via the muscles connected to the lens, ciliary bodies, and muscles that make up the iris are stimulated by several nerves.

We want to perform a dynamic assessment of pupillary reflex in patients on high-dose opioids. This light interacts with the structures and nerves of the eye to create images. However, cancer patients on high-dose opioids do not always present small pupil size. Reaction Assessing Pupil Reaction Brisk Normal finding Rapid constriction when light source is introduced Pupils should return to original size when. Pupil size and reaction are also influenced by drugs, where opioids result in miosis, an effect that is not considered to be influenced by opioid tolerance. Pupil size reflects the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Why Should I Register and Submit Results? BACKGROUND: Pupillary light reflex (PLR) has traditionally been assessed using a pen torch (light).

Brisk pupil reaction